Year-round sports are becoming the norm for many young athletes.

Travel teams, showcases, private lessons, and overlapping seasons have dramatically increased the amount of repetitive stress placed on growing bodies.

At San Ramon Valley Physical Therapy and Brentwood Rehab & Performance Physical Therapy, we’re seeing more:

• Little League shoulder and elbow
• Patellar tendon pain
• Osgood-Schlatter disease
• Stress reactions
• ACL injuries
• Heel pain in young athletes

And current research strongly supports what many sports medicine providers are already noticing clinically.

What the Research Says

A position statement from the American Medical Society for Sports Medicine reported that early sports specialization may increase the risk of:

• overuse injuries
• burnout
• decreased long-term athletic development

The statement also encouraged multi-sport participation and scheduled rest periods throughout the year.

Another review from the American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine found that athletes who specialize early are more than twice as likely to experience overuse injuries compared to multi-sport athletes.

Research published in Pediatrics reported that overuse injuries account for nearly 50% of sports injuries in youth athletes.

Why This Happens

Young athletes are still developing:

• muscles
• tendons
• bones
• growth plates

Repeating the same movement patterns year-round without adequate recovery can overload these structures.

Baseball pitchers throwing year-round, soccer players constantly cutting, and basketball athletes jumping year-round all place repetitive stress on the same tissues over and over again.

Recovery matters.

In fact, research suggests injury risk increases significantly when weekly training hours exceed the athlete’s age.

Multi-Sport Athletes Often Stay Healthier

Studies continue to show that multi-sport athletes often demonstrate:

• lower injury rates
• less burnout
• improved athletic development
• better overall movement patterns

Many elite athletes played multiple sports growing up before eventually specializing later.
Different sports challenge the body differently, helping reduce repetitive overload.

Strength Training Matters Too

Proper strength and conditioning can help reduce injury risk in youth athletes.
Focus areas often include:

• single-leg strength
• hip stability
• landing mechanics
• shoulder stability
• balance and coordination

The goal is not simply to play more.
The goal is to build resilient athletes who can tolerate the demands of sport long-term.

Final Thoughts

Youth sports can be incredibly positive for kids.
But more training is not always better training.
The research continues to support:

• adequate recovery
• workload management
• multi-sport participation
• proper strength training
• avoiding year-round specialization too early

Helping young athletes stay healthy is often what allows them to perform better long-term.

Ankle sprains seem simple… until they keep coming back.

We see this all the time at SRVPT—patients who “rolled their ankle” weeks or even months ago, rested, maybe did a few band exercises… but still don’t feel stable. Then it happens again.

Here’s the truth:
Most ankle sprains don’t fail because of the injury — they fail because of incomplete rehab.

Mistake #2: Only Doing Basic Band Exercises

Band work is fine… but it’s not enough.

Most people stop rehab here:

• Inversion / eversion with a band
• Maybe some calf raises

The problem?

Your ankle doesn’t fail when you’re sitting — it fails when you’re on one leg.

Sports, walking on uneven ground, and even stepping off a curb all require:

• Single-leg control
• Strength through the hip + knee + ankle
• Stability under load

If you don’t train that, you’re not fully rehabbed.

Mistake #3: Skipping Single-Leg Strength & Control

This is the big one.

Balance alone isn’t enough — you need strength + control on one leg.

A quick story:
I personally rolled my ankles 10+ times each playing basketball growing up. Tape, braces, rest—you name it. Nothing really worked long-term.

What finally fixed it?

Consistent single-leg strength training.

Once I built strength and control through one leg, the instability stopped.

Key exercises we use at SRVPT:

• Single-leg deadlifts
• Step-ups to balance (drive knee up and hold)
• Single-leg squats
• Lateral step-downs

These train your body to:

• Absorb force
• Control motion
• React to instability

Exactly what prevents re-injury.

What the Research Says

• Exercise therapy (especially balance + strength training) significantly reduces the risk of recurrent ankle sprains
• Neuromuscular + strengthening programs improve long-term stability
• Chronic ankle instability is often due to strength and control deficits—not just ligament damage

If you don’t retrain strength + control, the ankle stays vulnerable.

When to Get It Checked Out

You shouldn’t still be dealing with:

• Repeated “rolling” or giving way
• Pain or stiffness weeks later
• Lack of confidence on one leg

If that’s happening, it’s usually not “just healing slowly”—it’s missing the right type of rehab.

The Bottom Line

Most ankle sprains don’t need more rest…

They need better progression.

• Early movement
• Progressive loading
• Single-leg strength + control

That’s what actually keeps it from coming back.

Ready to Get Back to 100%?

Most ankle sprains improve quickly with the right program.
If you’re still dealing with instability or repeat sprains, we can help you get back to full strength—and keep you there.

Call or text us @ 925-552-5787 to schedule an evaluation this week

If you feel knee pain when going down stairs, you’re not alone. This is one of the most common complaints we see in physical therapy.

Many people notice their knee feels fine when walking on flat ground, but the moment they descend stairs, hills, or slopes, the pain appears. The good news is that in most cases, this type of knee pain is very treatable with the right strengthening program.

Below we’ll explain why stairs hurt more than walking, the most common causes, and three exercises that can help relieve knee pain.

Why Does My Knee Hurt More Going Down Stairs?

Going down stairs places much higher stress on the knee joint than walking on flat ground.

When descending stairs, your knee must slowly control your body weight as it bends. This creates increased pressure between the kneecap (patella) and the thigh bone (femur).

If the muscles that control the knee aren’t working efficiently, that pressure increases and can lead to pain.

This type of discomfort is often related to patellofemoral pain, also called anterior knee pain.

Common symptoms include:

• Pain going down stairs
• Pain walking downhill
• Pain after sitting for long periods
• Pain with squatting or lunging
• Aching in the front of the knee

Common Causes of Knee Pain on Stairs

Patellofemoral Pain (Patellar Tracking Issues)
The kneecap sits in a groove at the end of the thigh bone. As the knee bends and straightens, the kneecap should glide smoothly within this groove.

If the muscles around the hip and thigh are weak or not coordinating well, the kneecap can track slightly off-center, creating irritation and pain.

This is often referred to as patellar tracking pain.

Quadriceps Weakness
The quadriceps muscle plays a huge role in controlling knee bending when going down stairs.

If the quads are weak, the knee joint absorbs more stress instead of the muscles doing the work.

Hip Weakness
Many people are surprised to learn that hip strength has a major influence on knee pain.
Weak hip muscles allow the thigh to rotate inward when stepping down. This movement can increase pressure on the kneecap and contribute to anterior knee pain.

3 Exercises That Help Reduce Knee Pain

​Strengthening the muscles that support the knee can significantly reduce symptoms.
Here are three exercises we commonly recommend.

If you’ve ever dealt with tennis elbow or golfer’s elbow, this matters a lot.

One of the biggest reasons these injuries develop—and keep coming back—is that most people bend their wrist and elbow at the same time during daily tasks. Think about:

• Lifting objects
• Carrying groceries
• Gripping weights
• Typing or using a mouse
• Sports like tennis, golf, pickleball, or lifting

When the wrist and elbow move together all the time, the forearm muscles never learn to control each joint independently. Over time, this leads to:

• Excessive tendon strain
• Poor load distribution
• Irritation at the elbow attachment sites

Pain isn’t just about weakness—it’s about lack of control.

Why Isolating the Wrist and Elbow Is So Important

Your wrist flexors and extensors cross both joints, which means they’re constantly being asked to do double duty.

When you always bend the wrist and elbow together:

• The stronger muscles take over
• The weaker stabilizers get ignored
• Tendons absorb stress they’re not ready for

That’s a recipe for elbow pain.

Training with different elbow positions teaches your nervous system something critical:
“I can move and load my wrist without dumping stress into my elbow.”
That’s huge for pain relief and long-term resilience.

Elbow Bent: Protecting Painful Elbows & Rebuilding Control

This position is great for people with elbow pain.
With the elbow bent:

• Tension at the elbow decreases
• Wrist muscles can be trained with less irritation
• You regain isolated wrist control without flaring symptoms

This is often the starting point for tennis elbow and golfer’s elbow rehab.

Elbow Straight: Preparing the Tendon for Real Life

Here’s where a lot of people stop too early.
Daily life doesn’t happen with your elbow tucked at your side. When the elbow is straight:

• Tendon demand increases
• Wrist muscles must work across both joints
• Strength becomes functional and transferable

Skipping this phase is why elbow pain often returns.

The Big Takeaway

Tennis elbow and golfer’s elbow don’t just happen because of overuse—they happen because the wrist and elbow stop working independently.
​
If you want:

• Less elbow pain
• Stronger, more resilient forearms
• Fewer flare-ups when gripping or lifting

You need to train wrist flexors and extensors with the elbow both bent and straight.
That’s how you teach your arm to handle load the right way—not just in rehab, but in real life.

Many people are surprised when pain returns — especially after physical therapy helped them feel better in the past.

But here’s the truth:
Pain coming back is common — and it doesn’t mean treatment failed.

It usually means life happened.

Why pain returns (even after successful PT)

Pain often comes back for very normal reasons:

• Work demands increase
• Exercise routines change
• Stress builds up
• Old movement habits slowly return

Your body adapts to what you ask of it — good or bad. When stress exceeds capacity, symptoms show up as pain, stiffness, or weakness.

The mistake most people make... is waiting too long.

Many people try to:

• Rest it out
• Stretch randomly
• Push through workouts
• Hope it resolves on its own

Sometimes that works.  Often, it doesn’t.
​
What starts as a small issue can turn into:

• Longer recovery times
• Flare-ups that limit activity
• Pain that spreads to other areas

What to do instead: intervene early​

The best outcomes happen when people come in early — before pain becomes constant.
Early care often means:

• Fewer visits
• Faster improvement
• Less disruption to daily life

And many people don’t realize:
You don’t need a doctor’s referral to start physical therapy in California.
This is called Direct Access, and most insurance plans still provide coverage.

When should you consider coming in?

If you notice:

• Pain lasting more than 7–10 days
• Recurring stiffness or tightness
• Reduced strength or range of motion
• Pain returning during activities you enjoy

…it may be time for a quick check-in.

Often, a small course correction is all your body needs.

Our goal at San Ramon Valley Physical Therapy
Our job isn’t just to help you feel better — it’s to help you stay better

Whether your concern is new, returning, or something you’ve been managing quietly, we’re here to help you move confidently again.

Back pain is one of the most common reasons people stop doing the things they love. And for years, many patients have been told the same frightening story:

“You have a bulging disc.”
“Your spine is degenerating.”
“Be careful—you don’t want to make it worse.”

It’s no surprise that people leave those conversations feeling broken, fragile, and afraid to move.

The good news?

Modern physical therapy understands back pain very differently today—and that shift has helped millions of people recover without surgery, injections, or lifelong fear.

The Problem With the “Bad Disc” Story

Many people assume that if they have back pain, something in their spine must be damaged. MRIs and X-rays often seem to confirm this—showing disc bulges, arthritis, or degeneration.

But here’s what most people are never told:

• Disc bulges are extremely common, even in people with no pain
• “Degeneration” often shows up simply as a normal part of aging
• Imaging findings do not reliably predict pain or function

In fact, large studies have shown that people in their 30s, 40s, and 50s frequently have disc bulges and degeneration without any symptoms at all.

So if these findings are so common, why are they blamed for pain?

Because for a long time, medicine focused on what showed up on images--not how the body actually moves, adapts, and recovers.

Why Imaging Doesn’t Tell the Full Story

MRIs are excellent at showing anatomy—but they don’t show strength, coordination, confidence, or nervous system sensitivity.
​
Back pain is influenced by many factors, including:

• Movement habits
• Muscle strength and endurance
• Previous injuries
• Stress and sleep
• How safe your brain feels when you move

Two people can have identical MRI findings—one in pain, one pain-free. That’s because pain is not just about structure; it’s about how your body and nervous system are working together.

This realization has changed how physical therapists treat back pain.

The Modern View: The Spine Is Strong and Adaptable

Today’s physical therapy is built on a resilient spine model, not a fragile one.

Your spine is:

• Designed to bend, twist, and carry load
• Stronger than it feels when it hurts
• Capable of adapting at any age

Pain often causes muscles to guard, movement to become stiff, and confidence to drop.

Over time, this can actually maintain pain—even when tissues are healthy.
Instead of asking, “What’s damaged?”
Modern PT asks, “What does your spine need to feel safe and strong again?”

Why Movement Is Usually Safe (and Necessary)

One of the biggest breakthroughs in back pain care is understanding that avoiding movement often makes things worse, not better.

When movement is avoided:

• Muscles weaken
• Stiffness increases
• Fear grows
• Pain becomes more persistent

Guided, progressive movement does the opposite:

• Restores strength and control
• Calms the nervous system
• Builds confidence
• Improves long-term outcomes

This doesn’t mean pushing through sharp pain or ignoring symptoms. It means reintroducing movement the right way, at the right pace, with the right guidance.

What Physical Therapy Actually Treats (Beyond Pain)

Modern physical therapy doesn’t just chase pain relief—it focuses on function, confidence, and resilience.

A good PT program helps you:

• Understand your pain (so it’s less scary)
• Move without fear
• Gradually load your spine safely
• Return to activities you’ve been avoiding
• Trust your body again

Pain often improves as a result of better movement and confidence—not the other way around.

The Takeaway: You Are Not BrokenIf you’ve been told your back pain is due to a “bad disc” or degeneration, know this:

• Your spine is not fragile
• Imaging does not define your future
• Pain does not automatically mean damage
• Recovery does not require surgery for most people

Modern physical therapy is about empowering you, not limiting you.

With the right approach, many people discover that their backs are far more capable—and resilient—than they were ever led to believe.

Physical therapy is constantly evolving as new research helps us better understand pain, movement, and healing. Here are three exciting findings that everyday patients often find surprising—and encouraging.

1. Backward Walking Can Reduce Knee Pain and Improve Strength
Most of us only walk forward, but studies now show that walking backward (retro walking) can be an effective tool for reducing knee pain, especially with osteoarthritis.
Research has found that backward walking can:

• Reduce stress on the kneecap
• Improve quadriceps strength
• Enhance balance and gait
• Decrease overall knee pain

Because retro walking shifts joint loading, it allows patients to strengthen their legs without irritating painful structures.
Learn more:
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6456984/
https://www.pubtexto.com/journals/journal-of-pain-management-and-therapeutic-care/fulltext/is-retro-walking-with-conventional-therapy-effective-in-manageing-knee-osteoarthritis-a-systematic-review-and-metaanalysis

2. Tendons Heal Best With Heavy, Slow Strength Training—Not Just Rest
A common myth is that tendon pain (Achilles, rotator cuff, patellar tendon, tennis elbow) needs rest. But newer studies show the opposite: tendons improve most with heavy, slow, controlled strengthening.
This approach helps:

• Stimulate collagen remodeling
• Improve tendon structure
• Reduce long-term pain
• Increase durability and function

This type of loading is done gradually and safely—and is now considered one of the most effective treatments for chronic tendon problems.
Learn more:
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9768072/

3. Neck Problems Can Trigger Dizziness and Headaches—and PT Can Help
Neck stiffness or weakness doesn’t just cause neck pain. It can also contribute to:

• Tension-type headaches
• Migraines
• Dizziness or imbalance (cervicogenic dizziness)

Recent research supports using manual therapy, posture training, and deep neck flexor strengthening to reduce dizziness intensity, improve neck motion, and lessen headache frequency.
Learn more:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40325649/
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1360859225001007

Why These Findings Matter

These research insights highlight three important principles:

• Movement is medicine. Even simple changes—like walking backward—can make a big difference.
• Strength heals. Tendons often require loading, not rest.
• The body is connected. Neck issues can affect headaches, balance, and overall function.

If you're dealing with pain or mobility limitations, talk with your physical therapist about whether these techniques might help you.

Why Pain Doesn’t Always Show Up Where the Problem Starts

Many people are surprised to learn that pain felt around the shoulder blade, upper back, or even the chest can actually come from the neck. This is called referred pain, and one of the best-known explanations for it is the Cloward Sign.

In simple terms:

​Sometimes your neck sends pain to other places—even if your neck doesn’t hurt at all.

What Is the Cloward Sign?

The Cloward Sign refers to a set of patterns showing where neck structures commonly send referred pain. It’s not a disease or a diagnosis—just a helpful way to understand how your body works.

Your neck contains joints, discs, and other tissues that can become irritated from things like poor posture, stress, long hours at the computer, lifting, or sleeping awkwardly. When these tissues get sensitive, the brain may “interpret” the discomfort as coming from nearby regions.

This is why neck-related pain often shows up as:

• A deep ache between the shoulder blades
• Pain along the spine next to the shoulder blade
• Soreness near the top of the shoulder
• A pulling or burning sensation in the upper back
• Pain around the lower part of the shoulder blade

Strength isn’t just for bodybuilders. A regular, general resistance routine (think: planned, progressive muscle-strengthening work) is one of the best things you can do for independence, function, pain management, and even longevity — and it’s safe and effective for most people when done correctly. We'll summarize what recent research shows, give practical options you can use (home- or gym-based), suggest local places near Danville & San Ramon to get started, and finish with safety tips and when to contact your physical therapist.​

What the research says — The Highlights

• Resistance training improves muscle strength, physical function, and quality of life for older adults. Multiple recent systematic reviews and meta-analyses show consistent gains in strength and functional measures (sit-to-stand, gait speed, balance) after structured resistance programs. 
• Resistance (strength) training is associated with lower risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Large observational analyses and reviews report meaningful reductions in death risk when strength training is added to aerobic activity. In short: resistance work helps you live healthier, longer.
• Higher-intensity / progressive resistance training produces larger and longer-lasting improvements in strength — and even short programs (8–12 weeks) can cause measurable changes. Newer studies highlight benefits of heavier loading for preserving leg strength over years. That said, programs can be tailored to ability and health status. 
• Machine-based, free-weight, and band-based resistance all work when programs follow progressive overload principles (gradually increasing load, reps, or difficulty) and include multi-joint movements relevant to daily life. 

Why this matters for YOU:

• Prevent loss of independence: stronger legs and core = easier climbing stairs, rising from chairs, carrying groceries.
• Reduce falls and related injuries: improved balance and power translate to fewer stumbles.
• Help chronic joint pain: appropriately dosed strength work often reduces symptoms in osteoarthritis and low-back pain by improving joint control and load distribution.
• Improve recovery after surgery or illness: strength training is a mainstay of rehabilitation and speeds return to function.

Simple, evidence-based general resistance routine (for most adults)

Aim for 2 non-consecutive days per week minimum for whole-body strength (many studies used 2–3 sessions/week). Start with 1–2 sets of 8–15 reps and progress to 2–3 sets and heavier loads as tolerated. Perform a light warm-up (5–10 min walking or cycling) before starting.

Sample full-body session (can do at home with bands or at a gym with machines/free weights):

1. Sit-to-stand (chair squat) — 8–15 reps.
2. Seated or standing row (band or machine) — 8–12 reps.
3. Hip hinge / Romanian deadlift (light dumbbells or kettlebell) or glute bridges — 8–12 reps.
4. Overhead press (bands, dumbbells, or machine) — 8–12 reps.
5. Step-ups or lunges (holding a rail for balance) — 8–12 reps each side.
6. Farmer carry (hold dumbbells/water jugs and walk 30–60 sec) — builds grip and core.
7. Core plank or standing anti-rotation hold (Pallof press with band) — 20–60 sec.

Progression tips: when an exercise becomes easy for the top of the rep range, increase resistance or add a set. For older or deconditioned patients, begin with lower volume/intensity and focus on movement quality and pain-free range. (Research support for 2+ sessions/week and progressive overload in older adults)

Options tailored to different patients (which might suit you)

• Home-based, low-cost: resistance bands, bodyweight, and household items. Great for people who prefer exercising at home or are starting out. Short, 20–30 minute sessions can be effective if consistent. 
• Boutique / personal-training studios: one-on-one coaching and programs are ideal if you want supervised progression, technique coaching, or have specific limitations (post-op, joint replacements). Examples locally include Orange Theory, Spenga, BFT, Fit Studio, 24  Hour Fitness, Equinox, and ATP Fitness in San Ramon.
• Small-group or clinical-strength programs: many local studios (e.g., Body Fit Training, Joule Fitness) run supervised strength classes or low-impact strength options geared toward older adults. These combine social support with professional programming. 
• Medical / clinical programs: if you have complex medical issues, post-op needs, or progressive neurological disease, an individualized program delivered or prescribed by physical therapy is safest and most effective. Our clinic can bridge from rehab to independent strength training.

Local options near Danville & San Ramon (quick list)Below are local places many patients find accessible — some specialize in personal training, others offer classes and machine/weight access. (Call ahead to ask about age-friendly programming, medical clearance, or custom plans.)

Have fun exercising!!

At San Ramon Valley Physical Therapy, we often hear patients mention Advil (ibuprofen) as part of their routine to manage pain and inflammation. While Advil can be helpful when used correctly, it’s important to understand safe use, when it may become too much, and when to involve your doctor.
What is Advil (Ibuprofen)?Advil is a type of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). It’s commonly used to:

• Reduce pain from injuries, arthritis, or muscle soreness
• Lower fever
• Decrease inflammation

For many patients, Advil can be an effective short-term option to help manage discomfort while participating in therapy and recovery activities.

Recommended UseFor most adults, the typical over-the-counter dose is:

• 200–400 mg every 4–6 hours as needed
• Do not exceed 1,200 mg per day unless directed by your doctor

Higher doses may be prescribed in specific cases, but this should always be under medical supervision.

When Advil Use Becomes “Too Much”Overuse can occur when someone:

• Takes more than the recommended daily dose
• Uses Advil every day for weeks or months without medical guidance
• Relies on Advil instead of addressing the underlying cause of pain

Potential Risks of OveruseTaking Advil too often or in high doses can lead to:

• Stomach irritation or ulcers
• Kidney problems
• Increased blood pressure
• Heart risks with long-term high-dose use
• Masking pain signals, which can prevent proper treatment of the root problem

Voltaren Gel: A Topical AlternativeAnother option for pain and inflammation relief is Voltaren Gel (diclofenac 1%), which is now available over the counter. Like Advil, it is an NSAID, but instead of being taken orally, it’s applied directly to the skin over the painful area.
Benefits of Voltaren Gel:

• Targets pain locally with less medication circulating through the body
• May reduce the risk of stomach irritation and systemic side effects
• Useful for conditions like arthritis in the hands, knees, or other joints close to the skin

Things to Keep in Mind:

• Should not be applied to open wounds or irritated skin
• Avoid excessive use over large body areas
• Wash hands after applying
• Some people may still absorb enough medication to experience side effects, so it’s important to follow dosing instructions carefully

When to Consult Your DoctorYou should talk to your doctor if:

• You need Advil daily to manage pain
• You are considering switching from oral Advil to Voltaren Gel, especially if you already take other medications
• You have a history of stomach, kidney, or heart problems
• Your pain is not improving despite therapy and medication

Your physician can recommend the best option for your specific situation. Sometimes a combination of physical therapy, topical treatments, and lifestyle changes reduces or eliminates the need for daily oral pain medication.

Key TakeawayAdvil can be a helpful tool for short-term pain and inflammation, but it should be used responsibly. Overuse carries risks that may outweigh the benefits. Voltaren Gel may be a safer alternative for certain joint and muscle pain, especially when long-term treatment is needed. Always use the lowest effective dose for the shortest amount of time, and consult your doctor if you find yourself relying on pain medications regularly.

​At San Ramon Valley Physical Therapy, our goal is to help you manage pain safely while addressing the root cause through movement, exercise, and personalized care.